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The Defense of Gallipoli - A General Staff Study
By LtCol George Patton
An extraordinary and insightful, independent study of the Gallipoli campaign by
an independent and controversial military authority.
Covers all aspects of the first modern amphibious landing under fire. Great
reading and challenges many British and Australian views of the campaign. 69
pages.
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George Smith Patton Jr. GCB, KBE (November 11, 1885 – December 21, 1945) was a
leading U.S. Army general in World War II in campaigns in North Africa, Sicily,
France, and Germany, 1943–1945. In World War I he was a senior commander of the
new tank corps and saw action in France. After the war he was an advocate of
armored warfare but was reassigned to the cavalry. While on duty in Washington,
D.C. in 1919, Captain (he reverted from his wartime temporary rank of Colonel)
Patton met and became close friends with Dwight D. Eisenhower, who would play an
enormous role in Patton's future career. In the early 1920s, Patton petitioned
the U.S. Congress to appropriate funding for an armored force, but had little
luck. Patton also wrote professional articles on tank and armored car tactics,
suggesting new methods for their use. He also continued working on improvements
to tanks, coming up with innovations in radio communication and tank mounts.
However, the lack of interest in armor created a poor atmosphere for promotion
and career advancement so Patton transferred back to the horse cavalry.
In July 1932, Patton served under Army Chief of Staff General Douglas MacArthur,
as a major leading 600 troops, including the 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment, in an
action to disperse the protesting veterans known as the "Bonus Army" in
Washington, DC. MacArthur ordered the troops to advance on the protesters with
tear gas and bayonets. At one point, when the protesters resisted with bricks
and curses, Patton led the last mounted charge of the U.S. Cavalry. One of the
veterans rousted by the cavalry was Joe Angelo, who had won the Distinguished
Service Cross in 1918 for saving Patton's life.
Patton served in Hawaii before returning to Washington to once again ask
Congress for funding for armored units. In the late 1930s, Patton was assigned
command of Fort Myer, Virginia. Shortly after Germany's blitzkrieg attacks in
Europe, Maj. Gen. Adna Chaffee, the first Chief of the U.S. Army's newly created
Armored Force was finally able to convince Congress of the need for armored
divisions. This led to the activation of the 1st and 2nd Armored Divisions in
1940. Col. Patton was given command of the 2nd Armored Brigade, US 2nd Armored
Division in July 1940. He became the Asst. Division Commander the following
October, and was promoted to Brigadier General on the second day of that month.
Patton served as the acting Division Commander from November 1940 until April
1941. He was promoted to Major General on 4 April and made Commanding General of
the 2nd Armored Division 7 days later.
On December 9, 1945, in Germany a day before he was due to return to the United
States, Patton was severely injured in a road accident. Paralyzed from the neck
down, George Patton died of an embolism on December 21, 1945 at the military
hospital in Heidelberg, Germany.
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